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Domain Atlas / Public benefits & eligibility

Case fileArkansas, USAmedium deployment

Arkansas ARChoices / ARIA

A large share of Arkansas home-care recipients had care hours cut when algorithmic assessment replaced nurse judgment, and courts found due-process violations centered on the inability to understand or contest determinations.[5]

What happened

Arkansas replaced nurse judgment with an algorithmic assessment (and later the ARIA successor) to allocate Medicaid home- and community-based care hours. Documented accounts describe a large share of recipients — people with disabilities depending on attendant care — having hours cut when the algorithm took over, without an explanation recipients or even assessors could reconstruct. Courts found due-process violations centered on the inability to understand or meaningfully contest the determinations.

The sociotechnical reading

ARChoices is the explainability case with teeth: the legal defect was not the formula's statistics but the impossibility of contesting what cannot be explained. In map terms, the appeal pathway — the system's designed correction loop — was structurally broken because the information needed to appeal did not flow to the people holding the right. A correction channel that cannot be exercised is not a control. The pattern library's provenance and explanation requirements trace straight back to failures of this shape.

The concepts used in this reading are defined in the Field Guide; the governance responses live in the Practice Library.

Grounding sources for this case

The same sources that ground this model organization in the PAN library — evaluations, government documents, investigative reporting, and advocacy documentation, each labeled by tier.

upturnGroundingAdvocacy

Upturn, Calculated Need: automated home-care hour allocation https://www.upturn.org/work/calculated-need/

https://www.upturn.org/work/calculated-need/

Appears in: PAN framework development

Grounds: deployment audit: Arkansas ARChoices / Idaho Medicaid

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The histories here are documented after the harm. Mapping a live deployment's pathways and pressures — before the incident report — is engagement work: intake, diagnosis, prescription, and monitoring, with every limitation stated.

Sources & Evidence

Claims made on this page and what supports them. The full registry lives in Evidence.

EmpiricalA large share of Arkansas home-care recipients had care hours cut when algorithmic assessment replaced nurse j…

A large share of Arkansas home-care recipients had care hours cut when algorithmic assessment replaced nurse judgment, and courts found due-process violations centered on the inability to understand or contest determinations.

upturnGroundingAdvocacy

Upturn, Calculated Need: automated home-care hour allocation https://www.upturn.org/work/calculated-need/

https://www.upturn.org/work/calculated-need/

Appears in: PAN framework development

Grounds: deployment audit: Arkansas ARChoices / Idaho Medicaid